Homer newton parker



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H. N. PARKER PAWL AND RATOHET COUPLING FOR ROTATING TOOLS.

No; 510,046. Patentd De0.5,1893.

we NAflONAL LITHOBRAPNING coMPANY.

' wAenmuToN. u. a.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HOMER NEWTON PARKER, OF WINCHENDON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALFTO ORLANDO MASON, OF SAME PLACE.

PAWL-AND-BATCHET COUPLING FOR ROTATING'TOOLS.

:PECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,046, dated December5, 1893. Application filed January 9, 1891- Serial No. 377,286- (Nomodel.)

To a whom it may concern:

Beitknown thatLHOMERNEWTONPARKER, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Winchendon,in the county of Worcester and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement inPaWl-and-Ratchet' Couplings for Rotating Tools, of which the followingis a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part of the same, and in which- Figure 1 represents abrace-bit embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a central, longitudinalsectional View of the bit holding mechanism and disclosing my improvedpawl and ratchet device. Fig. 3 is'a transverse sectional view on lineX, X, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an end view of the device by which the pawls areheld from engaging with the bit holding mechanism. Fig. 5 is a side viewof the same.

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view on line X, X, Fig. 2, but showingone of the pawls as being held from acting upon the bit holdingmechanism. Fig. 7 is a side view of the device by which the pawls areheld from engaging with the bit holding mechanism, collars k andDbeingshown in sectional viewon line X, X, Fig. 3.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the different figures.

The object of my invention is to provide a coupling mechanism by whichthe reciprocating rotary motion of a tool handle will be converted intoan intermittent motion in either direction of the tool and which willalso permit the tool to be driven continuously in either direction bythe rotation of the handle.

In the accompanyingdrawings I have shown my invention as applied toabit-brace, but by a slight modification in the form and arrangement ofsome of the parts, it could obviously be equally well adapted toscrewdrivers, ratchet wrenches and many other tools, which are usedunder conditions which prevent a continuous rotation of the handle.

A denotes a stem forming a portion of the handle to which the cylinder Ais attached by a pin a.

A are pockets in the cylinder A to receive the pawls A and the smallspiral springs A Rotating around the stem A, but held from longitudinalmovement upon the stem by a screw 1) entering a groove 0, is the toolholder B, carrying the jaws B, B, which are compressed upon the shank ortang of the tool by means of the sleeve B acting upon theinclinedsurfaces B of the jaws as the sleeve is screwed upon the screw threadedsection B of the tool holder B. The tool holder B is provided with aconcentric flange C, which extends over the periphery of the cylinder A,and upon the inside of the flange O are the longitudinal grooves O, 0 soarranged with equi-distant spaces that the ends of the pawls A willenter two of the grooves as shown on Fig. 3.

D is a collar journaled upon the stem A and having flanges E, F and Fextending over the periphery of the cylinder A, and between it and theflange C. The flangeE is nearlyas wide as the space between the pawls AA and the flanges F, F, are so arranged that as" the collar D is rotatedbringing either one or the other of the flanges F or F against the pawlsA the flangeE will be carried over the other of the pawls A forcing itinto its pocket and compressing its spiral spring, and as the collar isrotated in the opposite direction the other of the pawls will be forcedwithin its pocket and held from engagement with the inner surface of thegrooved flange G. In Fig. 6 of the drawings one of the pawls is shown asforced within its pocket by the flange E and the other pawl isrepresented in position to cause the rotation of the stem A and cylinderin the direction of the arrow 1 to be imparted to the flange O and toolholder,

the side 01 of the pawl pressing against the .ure being received by thewall of the pawl pocket at f, but in case the stem A and connectedcylinder A is rotated in a direction opposite to that indicated by thearrow 1, the wall g of the groove 0 will pass over and in contact withthe outer end of the acting pawl, forcing it into its pocket, until thenext succeeding groove 0 is reached when the pawl will be thrown out bythe action of its spiral spring to be again forced in as the rotation ofthe stem A and cylinder A is continued.

The outer ends of the pawls A are cut square or at right angles with theaxis of the pawls so the action of the flange E is not affected by therotation of the pawls within their pockets, which would be the case werethe ends of the pawls required to be beveled.

The strain upon the driving pawl in the rotation of the tool-holder asrepresented in Fig.6 is in the nature of a compression of the pawlagainst the wally of its pocket so that no breaking strain is receivedby the pawl in driving the tool-holder.

It will be obvious that two other and similar pawls could be held in thecylinder A and upon the opposite side, and the flange E could beduplicated upon the opposite side if desired.

The collar D has a flange D, with its edge projecting over the peripheryof the flange C, with a milled edge inorder to allow the collar with theflanges E, F and F, to be readily rotated.

The strain incident to driving the toolholder is imparted to thetool-holder in a line at right angles to the axis of the stem A andtool-holder B, by which I obviate a thrusting strain upon thetool-holder which would tend to crowd it off the stem A and cause an undue strain and consequent wear within the groove 0.

The collar D, is provided with a recess j, Fig. 7, forming, when thecollar is in position an annular chamber, as shown in Fig. 7, withinwhich I place the spiral spring j. The spring 3', bears against anannular washer 7 Fig. 7, which rests upon the cylinder A,

and the opposite end of the spring 7", bears 'against the end wall ofthe annular recess j, thereby forcingthe collar D, against the col lar7a, which is attached to the stem a. I thus produce sufficientfrictional resistance to the rotation of the collar D, to hold it in anydesired position.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with a cylinder having pawl pockets and arranged tobe rotated by the rotation of the handle, pawls held in said pockets,springs by which said pawls are pushed outwardly, a flange extendingconcentrically over said cylinder, and provided with internal grooves,arranged to be engaged by said pawls, whereby the rotation ofsaidcylinder is imparted to said flange, and a collar journaledconcentrically to said cylinder and provided with a flange extendingover said cylinder, by which said pawls are alternately forced intotheir pockets, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a cylinder carrying actuating pawls, actuatingpawls carried in the cylinder,a grooved flange extending over saidcylinder and arranged concentrically thereto, a collar capablepfrotation and with its axis coincident with the axis of said cylinder andhaving a radial flange, by which said collar is rotated and a concentricflange attached to said radial flange and interposed between saidcylinderand said grooved flange, by which the actuating pawls are forcedinto said cylinder, substantiallyas described.

3. The combination withactuating pawls substantially as described and agrooved flange actuated by said pawls, of the flange E, interposedbetween said pawls alternately and said grooved flange, and the stopfianges F, F, said flange E, and said stop flanges F, F being attachedto a rotating collar and a rotating collar, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a rotating stem forming part of the handle, of acylinder carried by said stem, actuating pawls held in said cylinder, afixed collarattached tosaid stem, a collar capable of rotating on saidstem between said cylinder and said fixed collar and havingflangesarranged to disengage said pawls and provided with a recess, anda spring held in said recess, with its tension applied to produce afriction upon said rotating collar, substantially as described. I 5. Thecombination of cylinder A, carrying actuating pawls rotating collar D,provided with a flange E, by which said pawls are disengaged and havingan annular chamber, a spring j inclosed in said annular chamber and afixed collar is, all arranged and operating, substantially as described.

Dated at \Vinchendon, in the county of \Vorcester and State ofMassachusetts, this 3d day of January, 1891.

HOMER NEWTON PARKER.

Witnesses:

GEO. M. WHITNEY, ABBIE C ROBBE.

